Fuel injection system



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Oct. 1, 1963 w. J. GDOVIN ETAL FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM Filed Sept. 12, 1960 o 1963 w. J. GDOVlN ETAL 3,105,476

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM Fiied Sept. 12, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 N wmm m o Z. 4 AZ N 0 Mg M 446 WWW fim United States Patent 3,105,476 FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM William J. Gdovin, 2567 Bermuda St; Edward Gdovin,

2573 Bermuda St; and Leonard J. Waller, 2559 Highland Acres Drive, all of Clearwater, Fla; and Francis E. Waller, 26 McKenzie Ave, South Meriden, Conn. Filed Sept. 12, 19%, Ser. No. 55,562 4 Claims. (Cl. 123-419) Our invention relates generally to a low fluid pressure type fuel injection system for internal combustion engines using spark ignition.

A prime object of our present invention is to provide a relatively simple low fluid pressure fuel injection system without the need for load sensors, speed sensors, idle control devices or other auxiliary equipment.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a means for delivering fuel to the engine cylinder at the instant of maximum air velocity thru the air intake tube.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide an improved fuel metering device to control the amount of fuel required to meet the exact engine requirements.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a system of controlling the volume of air thru the intake tube simultaneously with the fuel control.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved means of supplying fuel, discharged directly from a conventional fuel pump, to the engine cylinder in the exact amount required, at the precise time to obtain maximum atomization of the fuel in the air intake tube without the need for a secondary fuel pump or conventional carburetor.

Other objects of our present invention will readily become apparent from the following description and from the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the entire fuel injection system.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of the fuel distributing unit.

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the fuel distributing unit taken along section line 3-3 of FIGURE 1.

PEG. 4 is a cross sectional view of the fuel metering unit, as related to the engine cylinder, showing the fuel metering valve and linkage connecting it with the air intake control valve.

FIG. 5 is a plan View of the fuel metering unit showing the mounting arrangement of the air intake tube.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of fuel metering unit, taken thru supplemental fuel duct, showing metering pin and supplement fuel duct arrangement.

Referring now to the drawings wherein like numerals refer to like parts in the several views, the fuel injection system embodying the invention is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 used in conjunction with a conventional internal combustion engine. It will be apparent that the fuel injection system of our instant invention is capable of being used on-all typesof internal combustion engines, including -multiple cylinder, opposed types or in-line engines. The conventional fuel pump 11 is driven by engine 25 and draws fuel from-fuel-tank thru fuel conduit 15 and discharges said fuel through fuel conduit 16 to distribution unit 12, whichcommunciates through check valve 50 and conduits 17 for the respective engine cylinder with fuel metering unit 13 located on air intake tube [4 for that cylinder. Each air intake tube is provided with an air filter 18, as shown in FIG. 4. In multiple cylinder engines, the air intake tubes '14 may be connected by a manifold system to a single air filter. It is also contemplated that a conventional super charger may be used to supply air to the intake tube of the engine in special applications of our instant invention.

Bid-5, 5% I'Patented Get. 1, 1963 ice Fuel distributor 12 comprises a base casing 19, provided with the cover 22 bolted or otherwise secured thereto, and means of mounting said distributor on engine 25. Rotor shaft 23 passes through a suitable bearing and seal and extends thru casing 19 to engage positive drive shaft 27 from engine 25.

A disc-like rotary member or rotor 24 disposed in cover 22 engages shaft 23 by spline or other conventional means which will provide positive rotability and, at the same time, permit axial movement on shaft 23. Compressible spring 26 serves to insure firm contact between the face of rotatable member 24 and cover 22.

Removal of a segment of calculated length, from the periphery of rotatable member 24 forms of a rotary valve which rotates at cam shaft speed and successively uncovers ports 21 in cover 22 in firing order of the engine. One port 21 is required for each engine cylinder, FIG. 3 showing the port arrangement for a six cylinder engine. Rotatable member 24 may be readily exchanged for similar members having different and suitable segment lengths to meet the requirements of fluid fuels having different characteristics.

Referring next to FIG. 4, we have illustrated the general construction of fuel metering unit 13 comprising base member 28 containing metering pin 29 movably disposed in orifice 3%. Fuel passing thru orifice 3i) flows through ducts 31 and 32, which communicate with air intake tube 14 thru'nozzles 33.

Fuel from conduit 17 enters annular chamber 35 from which it is metered through orifice 39 by metering pin 29 which is positioned in the orifice by throttle means to meet the fuel demands of the engine. At normal engine loads, fuel duct 31 is ample to supply the fuel requirements but, on demand, fuel duct 32 is opened by the movement of valve pin 51 which is adjustably fastened to metering pin 29 and intercepts duct 32 at normal engine loads. When metering pin 29 is raised a predetermined distance, valve pin 51 moves out of the path of duct 32 and permits it to function as a supplement to duct 31. Spring loaded diaphragm 36, disposed between base member 28 and cover member 37, serves as closure for annular chamber 35 and, at the same time, permits axial movement of metering pin 29 by its stem 39 passing through guide 38 in cover member 37.

Chamber 54 communicates with the ambient air through vents in cover member 37. Spring 39 is calibrated to force metering pin 29 into orifice 30 at Zero fuel pressure in annular chamber 35, yet permit the metering pin 29 to raise against adjustable stop 40 in lever 41 under normal fuel pressure in annular chamber 35. One end of lever 41 is rotably anchored to cover member 37 by means of pin 42. The opposite end of lever 41 is held in contact with cam 43 through adjustable screw 44, which rides on said cam. Tension spring 45 holds screw 44 in contact with cam 43 at all times and supplements compression spring 39 sufiiciently to move metering pin 29 into orifice 30 against full fuel pressure in chamber 35 thereby effecting instant control of fuel to the engine.

Cam 43 is fastened to shaft 45 which may be actuated by any conventional throttle linkage to rotably move said cam for control of fuel requirements.

Butterfly valve 47, disposed in air intake tube 14, is moved simultaneously with cam 43 by means of lever arm 43 which is linked to butterfly valve arm 49 by member 50.

It is obvious that the shape of cam 43 and the relative lengths of lever arms 48 and 49 are designed to provide the correct relative amounts of fuel and air for proper combustion in the engine cylinders at all speeds.

It will be apparent that modifications and variations may be effected in the form, construction, and arrangement of the parts herein Without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention and it is to be understood that all matter herein is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limited sense.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

1. A fuel injection system for supplying fuel mixture to the cylinder inlet ports of a combustion engine having a plurality of piston cylinders, comprising: a source of fuel supply; a separate air-intake means connected to each said inlet port; a separate fuel-metering device for each said air-intake means, and each having movable means for controlling the flow of fuel therefrom to the respective said air-intake means; a fuel distributor having a fuel-supply chamber connected to said source of fuel supply, and peripherally spaced fuel outlets therefrom connected to said separate metering devices in series according to the firing order of the pistons; and a rotor mounted in said distributor to rotate at variable speeds synchronized with the firing speeds of the engine and separating said outlets from said fuel-supply chamber; said rotor having passage means which with said synchronized rotation of the rotor successively momentarily connects said fuel outlets with said fuel supply chamber, and thereby through the respective said fuel-metering devices to supply fuel to said air-intake means thereof in timed succession, whereby combustible mixtures of fuel and air are supplied to the corresponding inlet ports, means being provided for simultaneously adjusting the capacity of said airintake means and said movable means of the respective fuel-metering devices thereof according to the required speed of the engine, said engine having a throttling device and said control means beign operable thereby, said fuel distributor having seat means and said rotor having a disc yieldingly rotatably seated in fluid sealing relationship over said outlets, said passage means being an opening in the disc successively registrable with the outlets as the disc is rotated on the seat means.

2. A fuel injection system for supplying fuel mixture to the cylinder inlet ports of a combustion engine having a plurality of piston cylinders, comprising: a source of fuel supply; a separate air-intake means connected to each said inlet port; a separate fuel-metering device for each said air-intake means, and each having movable means for controlling the flow of fuel therefrom to the respective said. air-intake means; a fuel distributor having a fuelsupply chamber connected to said source of fuel supply, and peripherally spaced fuel outlets therefrom connected to said separate metering devices in series according to the firing order of the pistons; and a rotor mounted in said distributor to rotate at variable speeds synchronized with the firing speeds of the engine and separating said outlets from said fuel-supply chamber; said rotor having passage means which with said synchronized rotation of the rotor successively momentarily connects said fuel outlets with said fuel supply chamber, and thereby through the respective said fuel-metering devices to supply fuel to said air-intake means thereof in timed succession, whereby combustible mixtures of fuel and air are supplied to the corresponding inlet ports; said engine throttling device including a rotatably adjustable shaft; a plurality of cam means operable by rotatable adjustment of said shaft simultaneously to adjust said movable means of the respective fuel metering devices; and linkage means from said shaft operable by said rotatable adjustment of the shaft to vary the air intake to the respective air-intake means.

- 3. A fuel injection system for supplying fuel mixture to the cylinder inlet ports of a combustion engine having a plurality of piston cylinders, comprising: a source of fuel supply; a separate air-intake means connected to each said inlet port; a separate fuel-metering device for each said air-intake means, and each having movable means for controlling the flow of fuel therefrom to the respective said air-intake means; a fuel distributor having a fuelsupply chamber connected to said source of fuel supply, and peripherally spaced fuel outlets therefrom connected to said separate metering devices in series according to the firing order of the pistons; and a rotor mounted in said distributor to rotate at variable speeds synchronized with the firing speeds of the engine and separating said outlets from said fuel-supply chamber; said rotor having passage means which with said synchronized rotation of the rotor successively momentarily connects said fuel outlets with said fuel supply chamber, and thereby through the respective said fuel-metering devices to supply fuel to said air-intake means thereof in timed succession, whereby combustible mixtures of fuel and air are supplied to the corresponding inlet ports; said engine throttling device including a rotatably adjustable shaft; a plurality of cam means operable by rotatable adjustment of said shaft simultaneously to adjust said movable means of the respective fuel-metering devices; and linkage means from said shaft operable by said rotatable adjustment of the shaft to vary the air intake to the respective air-intake means; each said fuel-metering means including auxiliary adjustment means for independently varying the effective movement of the respective said movable means by said throttle-operated cam means.

4. A fuel injection system for supplying fuel mixture to the cylinder inlet ports of a combustion engine having a plurality of piston cylinders, comprising: a source of fuel supply; a separate air-intake means connected to each said inlet port; a separate fuel-metering device, for each said air-intake means, and each having movable means for controlling the flow of fuel therefrom to the respective said air-intake means; a fuel distributor having a fuel-supply chamber connected to said source of fuel supply, and peripherally spaced fuel outlets therefrom connected to said separate metering devices in series according to the firing orderof the pistons; and a rotor mounted in said distributor to rotate at variable speeds synchronized with the firing speeds of the engine and separating said outlets from said fuel-supply chamber; said rotor having passage means which with said synchronized rotation of the rotor successively momentarily connects said fuel outlets withsaid fuel supply chamber, and thereby through the respective said fuel-metering devices to supply fuel to said air-intake means thereof in timed succession, whereby combustible mixtures of fuel and air are supplied to the corresponding inlet ports; said engine throttling device including an element adjustable by throttling the engine; a plurality of means operable by said throttling adjustment of said element simultaneously to adjust said movable means of the respective fuel-metering devices; and linkage means from said element operable by said adjustment of the element to vary the air intake to the respective air-intake means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

1. A FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR SUPPLYING FUEL MIXTURE TO THE CYLINDER INLET PORTS OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE HAVING A PLURALITY OF PISTON CYLINDERS, COMPRISING: A SOURCE OF FUEL SUPPLY; A SEPARATE AIR-INTAKE MEANS CONNECTED TO EACH SAID INLET PORT; A SEPARATE FUEL-METERING DEVICE FOR EACH SAID AIR-INTAKE MEANS, AND EACH HAVING MOVABLE MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF FUEL THEREFROM TO THE RESPECTIVE SAID AIR-INTAKE MEANS; A FUEL DISTRIBUTOR HAVING A FUEL-SUPPLY CHAMBER CONNECTED TO SAID SOURCE OF FUEL SUPPLY, AND PERIPHERALLY SPACED FUEL OUTLETS THEREFROM CONNECTED TO SAID SEPARATE METERING DEVICES IN SERIES ACCORDING TO THE FIRING ORDER OF THE PISTONS; AND A ROTOR MOUNTED IN SAID DISTRIBUTOR TO ROTATE AT VARIABLE SPEEDS SYCHRONIZED WITH THE FIRING SPEEDS OF THE ENGINE AND SEPARATING SAID OUTLETS FORM SAID FUEL-SUPPLY CHAMBER; SAID ROTOR HAVING PASSAGE MEANS WHICH WITH SAID SYCHRONIZED ROTATION OF THE ROTOR SUCCESSIVELY MOMENTARILY CONNECTS SAID FUEL OUTLETS WITH SAID FUEL SUPPLY CHAMBER, AND THEREBY THROUGH THE RESPECTIVE SAID FUEL-METERING DEVICES TO SUPPLY FUEL TO SAID AIR-INTAKE MEANS THEREOF IN TIMED SUCCESSION, WHEREBY COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OF FUEL AND AIR ARE SUPPLIED TO THE CORRESPONDING INLET PORTS, MEANS BEING PROVIDED FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY ADJUSTING THE CAPACITY OF SAID AIRINTAKE MEANS AND SAID MOVABLE MEANS OF THE RESPECTIVE FUEL-METERING DEVICES THEREOF ACCORDING TO THE REQUIRED SPEED OF THE ENGINE, SAID ENGINE HAVING A THROTTLING DEVICE AND SAID CONTROL MEANS BEING OPERABLE THEREBY, SAID FUEL DISTRIBUTOR HAVING SEAT MEANS AND SAID ROTOR HAVING A DISC YIELDINGLY ROTATABLY SEATED IN FLUID SEALING RELATIONSHIP OVER SAID OUTLETS, SAID PASSAGE MEANS BEING AN OPENING IN THE DISC SUCCESSIVELY REGISTRABLE WITH THE OUTLETS AS THE DISC IS ROTATED ON THE SEAT MEANS. 